Crazy+Horse

=Crazy Horse= Trey Seiser AmIn210 Section C



Tashunka Witco – “His Horse is Crazy” ==== Crazy Horse, or Tashunka Witco, did not have the same childhood as a typical Sioux Indian. He was born along Rapid Creek in 1845, which is known today as Rapid City, South Dakota. His father was an Oglala Sioux medicine man and his mother was Brule Sioux. His mother was the sister of Spotted Tail, an infamous Sioux who led many battles, but also signed many treaties, eventually being tricked by the U.S. into signing away the Black Hills of Dakota. Crazy Horse’s mother was killed when he was very young, then his father married her sister. He spent a lot of time with both the Oglala and Brule, and earned the childhood nickname Curly. ==== ==== Curly had not even reached the age of twelve when he killed his first buffalo. Upon this achievement he received his first horse. A year later was the Battle of Ash Hollow, where General William Harney led an attack where 600 U.S. soldiers attacked 250 Brule Sioux, killing 86. Luckily, Curly was not present. However witnessing other attacks of General Harney during his expedition along the Oregon Trail, Curly developed a militant attitude towards the whites. After the Grattan Fight, Curly had a Vision Quest, a dream, that was described as follows; ==== ====“He had a vivid dream of a rider in a storm on horseback, with long unbraided hair, a small stone in his ear, zigzag lightning decorating his cheek, and hail dotting his body. Although a warrior, he bore no scalps. People clutched at the rider, but could not hold him. The storm faded and a red-backed hawk flew over the rider’s head. When Curly later related the dream to his father, the medicine man interpreted it as a sign of his son’s future greatness in battle.(emayzine.com)” ==== ====When he turned 16, Crazy Horse then bore the name of his father, and for the first time rode as a warrior. As he was in the dream, he wore his hair free, with a stone earring, and red hawk feathered headdress. Also, his face was painted with lightning bolts and small dots. He was known to be a very handsome man, an Apollo in symmetry. He received a wound on his first battle supposedly because he had taken two scalps, unlike in the dream where the warrior had no scalps, so Crazy Horse never took another scalp again. ==== ====Crazy horse started to be known for his courage after the War for the Bozeman. Here, the U.S. Army had started construction of a road in Powder River Country from the Oregon Trail to Montana where the gold was. Crazy Horse, under the leader Red Cloud and one thousand other Sioux and Arapaho, trapped an attacking Captain William Fetterman and his men, and killed them all. As a young Chief, Crazy Horse lead victories in the Fetterman Fight, and the Wagon Box Fight. Crazy Horse became a war chief of the Oglalas, with some Brule followers as well. ==== ====He soon made friends with the Northern Cheyennes through his first marriage, and later also married an Oglala woman. In the early 1870’s, Crazy Horse waged war on Northern Pacific Railway surveyors, and even more tensions were increased when The Black Hills Gold Rush brought more whites to the region. Crazy Horse and his men fought the first battle of the War of the Black Hills of 1876-1877, The Battle of Powder River. General George Crook sent Colonel Joseph Reynolds to locate the Indian camp along the Powder, at dawn March 17th, Reynolds ordered the charge. ==== ====Although Crazy Horse and his men were forced to retreat, under cover of a snowstorm Crazy Horse regrouped his men and recaptured their stolen horses from the Army overnight. He later met up with Chief Sitting Bull, and at the Battle of Rosebud led their warriors on repeated assaults on Crook’s Troops, forcing a retreat. The infamous chiefs moved their camps to the Bighorn River, and on June 25th, the Battle of Little Bighorn emerged. Crazy Horse led the victorious assault on General George A. Custer. ==== ====Over the next few years Crazy Horse led many hit-and-run attacks, but eventually many of the bands of Indians were surrendering. Crazy Horse received a message from General Crook relayed by chief Red Cloud, that if he were to surrender, he and his people would be promised a reservation along the Powder River. The promise fell through. After spending some time on the Red Cloud Reservation, Crazy Horse’s presence was causing instability among the Indians. Rumors of rebellion forced General Crook to arrest Crazy Horse. Upon realizing that he was being taken to the stockade, Crazy Horse resisted and an Indian police officer bayoneted him in the stomach, and he later died that night. He was barely 33 years old. ==== ====Crazy Horse’s body was given to his parents, and buried near Wounded Knee. Although his epic legend as an infamous war chief came to a bitter end, it will never be forgotten. His story and that of his followers is much too similar to most lives of American Indians and the unfair treatment from the U.S. government. Among the many monuments and dedications throughout the United States to Indian war heroes, Crazy Horse has undoubtedly one of the best. Even in the present day, members of the Sioux and many other tribes in the South Dakota area are creating one of the biggest sculptures ever created. The impression of Crazy Horse riding his horse pointing at the enemy in declaration of attack is being sculpted into the side of a mountain in the Black Hills of South Dakota. The mission of this memorial is to honor the culture, tradition and living heritage of North American Indians. ====

1.) "Crazy Horse." N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar 2011. []
====On this site I found a lot out about the life of Crazy Horse. From beginning to end, the site tells his story of becoming a man. I learned of many of his encounters with the whites and also battles between tribes. ==== ====2.) "Spotted Tail." //Sparticus Educational//. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar 2011. [|] .  ==== ====Spotted Tail, the brother of Crazy Horse’s mother, is described at this site. It shows part of his life and explains some of the great impacts he had on the Native American history. ==== ====3.)  "Wiki." //Battle of Ash Hollow//. Wikipedia, n.d. Web. 30 Mar 2011. [|]. ==== ====Although from Wikipedia, this site tells the story of the Battle of Ash Hollow. A controversial battle between General William Harney and the Brule Sioux. ==== ====4.) "Bozeman Trail War." //American Indian Relief Council//. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar 2011. [|] .  ==== ====A shortcut to the Montana gold fields found by John Bozeman later lead to a battle when the U.S. Government started building a railway through the area. This site explains the origin of the trail and why Crazy Horse led an attack at the Battle of the Bozeman. ====

[|].
====<span style="font-family: Calibri; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">This site tells the happenings of the Wagon Box Fight. Here, 1,000 Indians under Chief Red Cloud attacked white settlers, only killing a handful, and later being slaughtered by Army machine guns. ==== ====6.) "The Fatal Fetterman Fight." N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar 2011. [|<http://www.historynet.com/the-fatal-fetterman-fight.htm>]  ==== ====<span style="font-family: Calibri; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">Here, the battle called the Fetterman Fight is explained. One of the biggest losses in the U.S. Army history of the west, the battle in the northern Wyoming plains resulted in the murder of Captain William Fetterman and his men. ==== ====7.)  "The Story of the Crazy Horse Memorial." //Crazy Horse Memorial//. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar 2011. [|<http://www.crazyhorsememorial.org/about/>] ==== ==== This site talks about the history of the Crazy Horse Monument in Black Hills South Dakota. From sculptor Korczak Ziolkowski’s first blast to the 21st century, the Crazy Horse monument is tremendous feat for the American Indian society. ==== ====8.) "Battle of Little Big Horn." //eyewitnesstohistory.com//. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar 2011. [|<http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/custer.htm>] .  ==== ====<span style="font-family: Calibri; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">Here, one of the most famous battles in the history of the old west is explained, the Battle of Little Bighorn. Crazy Horse was a warrior and leader in this epic feud against the Indians and the U.S. Army under the control of General George Custer. ==== ====9.) "Crazy Horse." //PBS the West//. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar 2011. [|<http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/people/a_c/crazyhorse.htm>] .  ==== ====<span style="font-family: Calibri; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">This site also talks about the life of Crazy Horse. From beginning to end, his story of bravery and courage. ==== ====10.)  "Crazy Horse - A Sacred Hero." //Legends of America//. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar 2011. [|<http://www.legendsofamerica.com/na-crazyhorse.html>]. ==== ====<span style="font-family: Calibri; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">The legends of America site tells stories of Crazy Horse’s childhood, along with battles and feuds he had with both the whites and foe tribes. ==== ====11.) "The Grattan Massacre." N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar 2011. [|<http://www.sangres.com/wyoming/history/grattan-massacre.htm>] .  ==== ====<span style="font-family: Calibri; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">A small issue turned huge, the Grattan Massacre is explained on this site and a view of how the Indians were treated is shown. Because an Indian murdered a cow of some traveling Mormons, the U.S. Army confronted the Indians with torment and insults until it blew up to the point where the Army slaughtered the Indians. ==== ====12.) "The Grattan Massacre." //Wikipedia//. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar 2011. [|<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grattan_massacre>] .  ==== ====<span style="font-family: Calibri; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">Trying to get a different point of the massacre, the Wikipedia site had much of the same things to say about the Grattan Massacre. ==== ====13.)  "The Black Hills Gold Rush." //American-Business.org//. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar 2011. [|<http://american-business.org/2353-black-hills-gold-rush.html>]. ==== ====<span style="font-family: Calibri; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">Here I learned about the Black Hills Gold Rush that swept through the Dakotas in the mid 1870’s. It tells of reasoning, and stories of controversies with the Indians. ==== ====14.) "Battle of Powder River." //Wikipedia//. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar 2011. [|<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Powder_River>] .  ==== ====<span style="font-family: Calibri; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">This Wikipedia article tells the story of the Battle of Powder River. Here, general George Crook commanded an attack on Crazy Horse and his people along the Powder River. ==== ====15.)  Powers, Thomas. "The Killing of Crazy Horse." N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar 2011. [|<http://www.thekillingofcrazyhorse.com/about-crazy-horse/unpublished-documents/witness-to-crazy-horse-at-red-cloud-agency/>]. ==== ====<span style="font-family: Calibri; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">This site gives a good overview of Thomas Powers’ book “The Killing of Crazy Horse”. Here I got a strong sense of how Crazy Horse died, and the impact of it. ==== ====16.) <span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">"Oglala Sioux Indian Tribe." __<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">Access Geneology __<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">. . . 30 March, 2011. [|<http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/siouan/oglalahist.htm>] . ==== ====  <span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">Here I learned more about what the Oglala Sioux were all about. Where they were geographically, what they ate, how they lived, etc.   ==== ====17.) <span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">“Brule Sioux Indian Tribe ." __<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">Access Geneology __<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">. . . 30 March, 2011. [|<http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/siouan/brulehist.htm>]. ==== ==== <span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">Like the previous site, here I learned a lot more about the Brule Sioux Indian tribe. Meanings of words, how they lived, where they lived, etc.  ==== ====18.)<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-indent: 0in;">"The Story of Red Cloud Indian School." //Red Cloud History//. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Apr. 2011. [|<http://redcloudschool.org/history/history.htm>]. ==== ====<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">I wanted to learn a little more about the reservation that Crazy Horse was on when he was taken captive and bayoneted. This site gives information on the Red Cloud Indian School that also was known as a reservation. ==== ====19.)<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-indent: -0.75pt;">"General William Selby Harney." N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Apr. 2011. [|<http://homepage.mac.com/wieganbr/Harney.html>]. ==== ====<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -36.75pt;">General William Harney led many attacks on Crazy Horse and his people. I thought it was necessary to try and learn more about such an infamous foe of Crazy Horse. ==== ====20.)<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-indent: -0.75pt;">"Apollo." //Oxford Dictionary of World Mythology//. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Apr. 2011. [|<http://www.answers.com/topic/apollo>]. ==== ====<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -36.75pt;">In a reading that I came upon in my research, Crazy Horse was compared to Apollo, someone I really didn’t know anything about. Apollo was a mythical god known for his good looks. ====